Chapter 02, Verse 03

क्लैब्यं मा स्म गमः पार्थ नैतत्त्वय्युपपद्यते |

क्षुद्रं हृदयदौर्बल्यं त्यक्त्वोत्तिष्ठ परन्तप || 3 ||

klaibyam ma sma gamah partha naitat tvayy upapadyate |

ksudram hrdaya-daurbalyam tyaktvottistha parantapa || 3 ||

yagya

Word-by-Word Analysis

Word Meaning
क्लैब्यम् (klaibyam)
Impotence, unmanliness, cowardice
मा (ma)
Do not
स्म (sma)
Indeed (for emphasis)
गमः (gamah)
Go, resort to
पार्थ (partha)
O Arjuna, son of Pritha (Kunti)
न एतत् (na etat)
This is not
त्वयि (tvayi)
In you, befitting you
उपपद्यते (upapadyate)
Appropriate, proper
क्षुद्रम् (ksudram)
Petty, insignificant
हृदय-दौर्बल्यम् (hrdaya-daurbalyam)
Weakness of heart, faint-heartedness
त्यक्त्वा (tyaktva)
Abandoning, giving up
उत्तिष्ठ (uttistha)
Arise, stand up
परन्तप (parantapa)
O scorcher of foes (Arjuna)

Translation

            “O Partha (Arjuna), do not yield to this impotence. It does not befit you. O foe-scorcher, leave off this insignificant stain of the soul, awaken!”

Context of the Verse

            In the Bhagavad Gita: It is from the second chapter of the Bhagavad Gita, called Sankhya Yoga or The Yoga of Knowledge. Arjuna is gushing with tears on the battlefield of Kurukshetra, not willing to fight against his own relatives, teachers and loved ones. Lord Krishna seeing this despair of Arjuna, first chastises him and asks him to rise above it as a warrior (Kshatriya).

Explanation

Krishna Speaks to the Weakness of the Heart: Krishna bluntly tells Arjuna that his hesitance is “klaibyam” (cowardice/unmanliness). This isn’t an insult but rather a way to jolt him out of his emotional paralysis. A warrior should never hesitate to perform a duty, period. Krishna does not mince words and reminds Arjuna that his state of mind is indeed “klaibyam” or unmanliness.

Arjuna’s Dilemma and Krishna’s Response: Arjuna is fighting between two opposite emotions; Dharma: Being a Kshatriya, it is his dharma to fight. Personal Attachments-His love and respect for his relatives and teachers prevents him from fighting. Krishna explains to Arjuna how this hesitance does not befits a warrior and encourages him to transcend beyond such emotional attachments 젭

Weakness of the Heart (Hrdaya-Daurbalyam): Krishna explains that Arjuna’s problem is not physical, but mental. He is upset about war, not afraid of it. After all, calls Krishna this “ Hrdaya-Daurbalyam ” (weakness of the heart), meaning Arjuna’s emotions of grief and pity are actually out of place. Where there is great responsibility, emotions must take a back seat, for the sake of duty and righteousness.

Command to Arjuna:Uttistha” (Arise) Krishna concludes the verse with a call to action. “Uttistha“ (Arise). Instead of letting Arjuna wallow in his grief, Krishna orders him to rise and face his duty bravely. Not only does this one word communicate the essence of the Bhagavad Gita to rise above weakness, confusion, and attachment to do one’s duty fully and in awareness.

Philosophical lessons from this verse

Weakness is Not an Asset: Krishna teaches us that weakness (emotional or mental) is not an asset, especially not in moments of crisis. Real strength is having faith in the unseen and doing your duty.

Practice of Swadharma: Krishna tells Arjuna to align with his swadharma andadharma, as Arjuna is a warrior and his calling is to fight in a righteous war.

Dharma-based Action: This verse encourages one to act according to the dharma without being affected by feelings. Attachment should yield to duty (dharma).

The Role of a Real Guru (Guide): Krishna, as the charioteer and guide to Arjuna, doesn’t sympathize with his weakness but urges him to transcend it. A true teacher doesn’t merely pander, but guides the student toward wisdom and action.

Practical Application in Life

This verse can be applicable today in different areas of life: Find a way to overcome fear and self-doubt, if you’ve had an emotion of crisis, fear and self-doubt will often strike people. Krishna’s words remind us never to get overpowered by fear but to boldly fight our battles.

Under Said Making Decisions Based on Principles, Not Emotion: The emotions we feel often cloud our judgment and decision-making ability, which leads to inaction or bad decisions. Krishna teaches you to do your actions without being attached to your immediate feeling.

When going up again against mental weakness: Weakness is not a personality of a strong person in any scenario, may it be personal life or professional life? We need to practice strengthening and hardening our minds.

A Call to Action (Uttistha-Arise ): Krishna’s last message is universal: whatever the challenge, however dire the situation, we must rise and act, and do so with courage, with conviction.

It is a verse of the Bhagavad Gita 2.3 that supersedes everything else. It is a reminder to Arjuna, and by implication to us, to snap out of it. Krishna’s message is simple: weakness and inaction are unworthy of a person of strength and wisdom. Rather, we need to overcome our doubts, emotions, and fears to perform our tasks with strength and resolution.

This verse marks the beginning of Arjuna’s metamorphosis from indifferent warrior to enlightened one. It serves as an epitome for all of us to shed off those inner voices and confront with strengths, clear vision and purpose in life.

 

Chapter 02, Verse 04

अर्जुन उवाच :

कथं भीष्ममहं सङ्ख्ये द्रोणं मधुसूदन |

इषुभिः प्रतियोत्स्यामि पूजार्हावरिसूदन || 4 ||

arjuna uvaca:
katham bhisman aham sankhye dronam cha madhusudana |
isubhih pratiyotsyami pujarhav ari-sudana || 4 ||

Word-by-Word Analysis

Word Meaning
अर्जुन उवाच (arjuna uvaca)
Arjuna said
कथम् (katham)
How
भीष्मम् (bhisman)
Bhishma (his grand-uncle)
अहम् (aham)
I
सङ्ख्ये (sankhye)
In battle
द्रोणम् (dronam)
Drona (his guru)
च (cha)
And
मधुसूदन (madhusudana)
O Madhusudana (Krishna, slayer of the demon Madhu)
इषुभिः (isubhih)
With arrows
प्रतियोत्स्यामि (pratiyotsyami)
Shall I fight against
पूजार्हौ (pujarhau)
Worthy of worship
अरिसूदन (ari-sudana)
O destroyer of enemies (Krishna)

Translation

            Arjuna said: “O Madhusudana (Krishna), how can I shoot arrows in battle, against the Bhishmas and Dronas, who are worthy of worship, O you destroyer of enemies?”

Context of the Verse

            So it is a Vedic injunction, etiquette, and moral obligation that superiors should not be offered. Even a verbal fight. And who is superior? A person can be superior in knowledge. That is the first criterion or in social position that is the second criterion or in age. If a person is greater in age, social position or knowledge, such people are called superiors and they should never be offered even a verbal argument. It is sinful activity. So a verbal argument also cannot be offered. Here Arjuna is being told to kill them. So he’s telling how can I pierce them with arrows? Arjuna is completely bewildered. This is against the religious injunctions.       

Chapter 02, Verse 05

गुरूनहत्वा हि महानुभावान्

श्रेयो भोक्तुं भैक्ष्यमपीह लोके।

हत्वार्थकामांस्तु गुरूनिहैव

भुञ्जीय भोगान् रुधिरप्रदिग्धान्|| 5 ||

gurun ahatva hi mahanubhavan
sreyo bhoktum bhaiksyam apiha loke |
hatvartha-kamams tu gurun ihaiva
bhunjiya bhogan rudhira-pradigdhan || 5 ||

Word-by-Word Analysis

Word Meaning
गुरून् (gurun)
Teachers, elders, or spiritual guides
अहत्वा (ahatva)
Without killing
हि (hi)
Indeed, certainly
महानुभावान् (mahanubhavan)
Great and noble personalities
श्रेयः (sreyah)
Better, more beneficial
भोक्तुम् (bhoktum)
To enjoy, to partake
भैक्ष्यम् (bhaiksyam)
Alms, begging
अपि (api)
Even
इह (iha)
In this world, here
लोके (loke)
In the world
हत्वा (hatva)
Having killed
अर्थकामान् (artha-kamam)
Wealth and desires
तु (tu)
But
गुरून् (gurun)
Teachers, elders
इह एव (ihaiva)
Right here
भुञ्जीय (bhunjiya)
Would enjoy
भोगान् (bhogan)
Pleasures, luxuries
रुधिर (rudhira)
Blood
प्रदिग्धान् (pradigdhan)
Tainted, smeared

Translation

            “To be a beggar in this world is far better than to kill these noble teachers. If I slaughter them, all the pleasures of wealth and desires in this world will be awash in their blood

Context of the Verse

            On the battlefield of Kurukshetra, Arjuna finds himself filled with gnawing uncertainty about what is right and wrong. He sees his revered teachers-Bhishma and Dronacharya-on the other side and cannot bring himself to justify fighting against them. He confirms his shame and refrains from giving an obvious answer about whether it is better to kill noble teachers for wealth and material possessions or to live as a beggar. Wealth that is enjoyed is of no use to Arjuna if blood has to be shed in killing them to attain such a victory. Arjuna feels torn between his dharma of a Kshatriya and his love, respect and compassion for his elder relatives, and this verse captures his conflict and inner struggle perfectly.

Chapter 02, Verse 06

न चैतद्विद्मः कतरन्नो गरीयो

यद्वा जयेम यदि वा नो जयेयुः।

यानेव हत्वा न जिजीविषाम-

स्तेऽवस्थिताः प्रमुखे धार्तराष्ट्राः॥ 6॥

na chaitad-vidmah kataran no gariyo

yadva jayema yadi va no jayeyuh।

 yan eva hatva na jijivisamas

te vasthitah pramukhe dhartarastrah॥ 6॥

Word-by-Word Analysis

Word Meaning
न (na)
Not
च (cha)
And
एतत् (etat)
This
विद्मः (vidmah)
We know
कतरत् (katarat)
Which (one)
नः (nah)
For us
गरीयः (gariyah)
Better (or superior)
यत् (yat)
Whether
वा (va)
Or
जयेम (jayema)
We may conquer
यदि (yadi)
If
वा (va)
Or
नः (nah)
Us (we)
जयेयुः (jayeyuh)
They may conquer
यान् (yan)
Those whom
एव (eva)
Certainly
हत्वा (hatva)
Having killed
न (na)
Not
जिजीविषामः (jijivisamah)
Wish to live
ते (te)
They
अवस्थिताः (avasthitah)
Standing firm
प्रमुखे (pramukhe)
In front
धार्तराष्ट्राः (dhartarastrah)
The sons of Dhritarastra (Kauravas)

Translation

            “We do not know which is better-conquering them or being conquered by them. Those sons of Dhritarastra, whom we would never kill even if we lived; they are standing before us on this battlefield.

Context of the Verse

            Arjuna speaks in this verse, pleading his moral and emotional issues in front of Lord Krishna. Márcio Ribeiro remains undecided on the battle, or if victory would be better than defeat.

            Arjuna’s dilemma is thus between his Kshatriya Dharma and his compassion for his own relatives opposing him. He cannot determine what is just because to win the fight he must kill his family, and to lose it he must suffer dishonor.

In Chapter 2, Verse 7 clearly depicts his inner turmoil which results in his giving up and finally seeking guidance from Krishna.

Explanation

            Nor do they know which is better: conquering them or being conquered by them. The sons of Dhritarashtra, whom if he killed, we should not care to live, are now standing before us on this battlefield.

            So, this shows that Arjuna has all the good qualities. He’s a very virtuous man, even though he was put along with his family into so many troubles by the Kauravas. And such aggressors are standing. Their wife was attempted to be disrobed. In a full assembly, they were given poison. Their house was set on fire, and so many other attempts on their lives were made, that an ordinary person would not leave the chance to attack such an enemy and kill him. But Arjuna’s senses are perfectly under control, very nicely as per his capacity. He’s analysing whether this is sinful. This is bad, even though I can kill them, they are avaricious. But what will happen to their families? They are elderly people. They are supposed to guide families; without guidance, they will fall down from the path of religion and, will not attain the ultimate objective of life like this. Arjuna is very nice with controlled senses and a controlled mind. He is analysing the situation. Thus, Arjun is a perfect candidate for self-realization unless the senses are controlled. Unfortunately, today there is no training for controlling the senses. We think the more we indulge in sense enjoyment, we’ll be happy. No, that is illusion. If the senses are not controlled, there is no question of coming to the platform of knowledge and without knowledge and devotion there is no question of liberation.

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