Wisdom

Chapter 02 Verse 52

यदा ते मोहकलिलं बुद्धिर्व्यतितरिष्यति |

तदा गन्तासि निर्वेदं श्रोतव्यस्य श्रुतस्य || 2.52 ||

yada te moha-kalilam buddhir vyatitarisyati |
tada gantasi nirvedam srotavyasya srutasya cha || 2.52 ||

Word-by-Word Analysis

Word Meaning
यदा (yada)
When
ते (te)
Your
मोह-कलिलं (moha-kalilam)
The delusion-filled
बुद्धिः (buddhih)
Intelligence, wisdom
व्यतितरिष्यति (vyatitarisyati)
Will transcend, overcome
तदा (tada)
Then
गन्तासि (gantasi)
You shall attain
निर्वेदं (nirvedam)
Dispassion, indifference
श्रोतव्यस्य (srotavyasya)
What is yet to be heard
श्रुतस्य (srutasya)
What has already been heard
च (cha)
And

Translation

            “Once your wisdom passes the dense forest of delusion, then you will become indifferent to all that has been heard and all that is yet to be heard.”

Context of the Verse

            Krishna outlines the evolution into wisdom that liberates one from confusion and attachment.

Key Teachings in This Verse

            Calmness and Understanding (Moha-Kalilam Vyatitarisyati); Moha-Kalilam (dense forest of delusion) means confusion, doubt and attachments. But upon awakening, wisdom cuts through this illusion, and brings clarity.

            Dispassion Arises (Gantasi Nirvedam); the other is that after a bit of insight into the truth, you no longer have an appetite for worldly pleasures and amusements. This Nirvedam (detachment) gives peace.

            Freedom from Outside Ingers (Srotavyasya Srutasya Cha); such a wise person is no longer enticed or tormented by external opinions, teachings or scriptures. They go beyond intellectual debate and arrive at direct realization.

Relevance to Arjuna

            Once his wisdom becomes sufficiently deep, Krishna assures Arjuna that he will be freed from all doubts and concerns. No longer can he be misled by outside forces, he will move in clarity, power and strength.

Yudhishthira

Chapter 02 Verse 53

श्रुतिविप्रतिपन्ना ते यदा स्थास्यति निश्चला |

समाधावचला बुद्धिस्तदा योगमवाप्स्यसि || 2.53 ||

sruti-vipratipanna te yada sthasyati niscala |
samadhav acala buddhis tada yogam avapsyasi || 2.53 ||

Word-by-Word Analysis

Word Meaning
श्रुति-विप्रतिपन्ना (sruti-vipratipanna)
Confused by conflicting teachings
ते (te)
Your
यदा (yada)
When
स्थास्यति (sthasyati)
Becomes firm
निश्चला (niscala)
Unwavering
समाधौ (samadhau)
In deep meditation or absorption
अचला (acala)
Steady, immovable
बुद्धिः (buddhih)
Wisdom, intellect
तदा (tada)
Then
योगम् (yogam)
Yoga, union with the Divine
अवाप्स्यसि (avapsyasi)
You shall attain

Translation

            “When your intellect, which is confused by conflicting teachings, becomes unwavering and firmly fixed in deep meditation, then you shall attain Yoga (union with the Divine).”

Context of the Verse

            Krishna explains that true wisdom arises when the mind becomes steady and free from confusion.

Key Teachings in This Verse

            Freedom from Confusion (Sruti-Vipratipanna Buddhih); Different philosophies and scriptures can create intellectual conflict and doubt. True wisdom goes beyond mere intellectual knowledge and becomes experiential realization.

            Steadiness in Meditation (Samadhav Acala Buddhih); “Samadhi” refers to a deeply concentrated state where the mind is absorbed in truth. When wisdom remains steady, one is no longer affected by external distractions.

            Attaining Yoga (Tada Yogam Avapsyasi); True Yoga is not just physical postures but a state of absolute clarity and unity with the Divine. Once the mind becomes calm and unwavering, a person naturally attains spiritual realization.

Relevance to Arjuna

            Krishna reassures Arjuna that once his intellect becomes steady and free from doubts, he will experience true Yoga; the state of inner peace and divine connection. This will guide him to act with absolute clarity and confidence.

Explanation

            So, when a person starts acting in Buddhi Yoga realizes his or her relationship with the Lord. He experiences such extraordinary happiness in life. He does not care about the flowery language of the Vedas. Oh, you will have such material enjoyment on another planet or this planet. He does not care about religious formalities and rituals. So, one need not wait until death for the proof of spiritual life, even in this body, a person can perceive and realize all that we have discussed. This extraordinary spiritual happiness, which is called ‘Samadhi,’ is the transcendental consciousness.

            So, what are the symptoms of a person who is absorbed in such consciousness even while living in this material body, which is called ‘Stheta Pragya’? That Lord Krishna is going to explain now to Arjuna?

krishna

Chapter 02 Verse 54

अर्जुन उवाच |

स्थितप्रज्ञस्य का भाषा समाधिस्थस्य केशव |

स्थितधीः किं प्रभाषेत किमासीत व्रजेत किम् || 2.54 ||

arjuna uvaca |
sthitapragyasya ka bhasa samadhi-sthasya kesava |
sthita-dhih kim prabhaseta kim asita vrajeta kim || 2.54 ||

Word-by-Word Analysis

Word Meaning
अर्जुन उवाच (arjuna uvaca)
Arjuna said
स्थितप्रज्ञस्य (sthita-pragyasya)
Of one who is steady in wisdom
का (ka)
What
भाषा (bhasa)
Description, characteristics
समाधि-स्थस्य (samadhi-sthasya)
Of one situated in deep meditation
केशव (kesava)
O Krishna (another name of Krishna)
स्थितधीः (sthita-dhih)
One with a steady mind
किं (kim)
What
प्रभाषेत (prabhaseta)
Does he speak
किम् (kim)
How
आसीत (asita)
Does he sit
व्रजेत (vrajeta)
Does he walk (behave in the world)

Translation

            “Arjuna said: O Kesava (Krishna), what are the characteristics of one who is firmly established in wisdom and in deep meditation? How does a person of steady intellect speak, sit, and walk?”

Context of the Verse

            After Krishna has spoken about the state of wisdom and detachment, Arjuna now asks a very practical question; how does such a realized person behave in daily life?

Key Teachings in This Verse

            Who is a Sthita-pragya (Steady-Wisdom Person)? Arjuna wants to know the signs of an enlightened being. “Stitha-Pragya” refers to one who has firm wisdom and is unaffected by worldly emotions. How Does Such a Person Behave? Arjuna is curious about external signs of wisdom. He asks: How do they speak? (Do they talk differently?) How do they sit? (Are they always in meditation?) How do they walk? (How do they interact with the world?)

            Seeking Practical Guidance; Arjuna’s question is important because it brings philosophy into real life. He is asking how an enlightened person lives and functions in society.

Relevance to Arjuna

            Arjuna, facing a crisis of duty, seeks guidance on what it means to be truly wise and how to act like one. Krishna’s response in the next verses will describe the ideal spiritual mindset and way of living.

Explanation

            Important word used in this verse is Samadhi, ‘Samadhi, Sthal, Keshava’ One who is situated on the platform of Samadhi or transcendent spiritual platform, how does he behave? How does he talk? How does he walk? What are the symptoms?

            So, this Samadhi is the ultimate objective of yoga. Finally, one has to reach the stage of Samadhi. Samadhi means complete absorption in the thoughts of Krishna. So many Yoga practices. Now people are getting patents for it and they are inventing various ways of doing Yoga, but somehow, they have forgotten the ultimate objective that one has to attain by doing Yoga. It is not simply reducing belly fat, achieving physical fitness or obtaining some temporary peace of mind; the ultimate objective of Yoga is to reach the stage of Samadhi when a person is completely absorbed in the mind and on the spiritual platform. The spiritual platform is when the mind is absorbed in the form of Lord Krishna. Therefore, the recommendation to meditate on voidness, candlelight, sunlight, impersonal effulgence or anything else is not advised. It is not recommended according to the standard instructions given in the Patanjali Yoga Sutra, the Bhagavad Gita or any standard book of Yoga.

            That is why it is said that meditation and contemplation must be focused on Vishnu. Similarly, it is stated in the Mahabharata that, the form of the Lord is described very beautifully. The most peaceful Lord, who is lying on the bed of snakes, has a lotus navel. He is the master of all demigods, the husband of Lakshmi, the goddess of fortune and his eyes are very beautiful like the petals of lotus flowers, his colour is like that of a dark cloud. So, in this way, the description is given of the personal features of the Lord. And then it is said that, the Yogis ripped in their hearts. So, meditation means meditation on this form of the personality of Godhead within one’s heart. This is the authorized instruction as per Mahabharata. Patanjali Yoga Sutra, Bhagwat Gita or any other standard book of Yoga practice.

            So, we should be very careful. We should not fall for such modern inventions. Rather, the Yoga process is coming from God. It should be taken from the authorized sources. So only when the mind is completely fixed without any deviation on the form of the personality of God does, a person reach the stage of Samadhi. So, this system is also explained by Lord Krishna in the 6th chapter of the Bhagavad Gita. But. Arjuna rejects it. We will see that it is a very nice conversation. And when Arjuna rejects it because he says, ‘I’m a householder, how can I go to the Himalayas or some jungle and sit there alone?’ I have to leave all my family members, my kingdom and all other opulence’s and I cannot take so much hardship. I cannot control my mind in that way.

            So, Krishna tells him, ‘Do not worry, you’re already the best Yogi because. Whoever is always thinking of me and rendering me service is the best Yogi. So, this is the yoga process that is being prescribed by Krishna to Arjuna. And that is the Yoga process that is meant for the people in this age of Kaliyuga. So Krishna will also prescribe other yoga processes as we will see so that Arjuna can reject them and so that we can understand when Arjuna who was trained in Gurukul and whose mind and senses were perfectly controlled, a very sharp moralist, could not follow. So, what is the hope for people like us who are always disturbed and short-lived?

            That is why it is told in the scriptures that the process was this: Ashtanga Yoga, Dhyan yoga process, and impersonal meditation on void light XYZ are not recommended anywhere. And in Treta Yuga the same spiritual success was possible by doing ‘Yagyas’ (fire sacrifices). In ‘Dwapar Yoga,’ that success was possible by elaborate temple worship and, deity worship. But in Kaliyuga we do not have any qualifications to follow either of these processes. So in ‘Kaliyuga,’ in this Millennium we need not worry; the same result can be attained by ‘Hari Keerthanas’ (chanting the names of ‘Hari’).

            So, this is the first symptom of a person who is in Samadhi: he will always be talking only of Krishna or of matters related to Krishna. That success can be attained by Hari Kirtan (chanting the names of God).

            It is also mentioned in the 9th chapter of the Bhagavad Gita. As we will see in verse number 14th , the mind is always absorbed in thoughts of Krishna. So, a real Yogi, cannot do anything but talk of Krishna. Thus, it is told to chant or speak about Krishna. So, this is the first symptom of one who is in samadhi, he cannot do anything but talk of Krishna or matters relating to Krishna and, Krishna service. And then other symptoms of transcendence follow automatically; what are those symptoms? Will discuss in next chapter.

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