Yoga

Chapter 06, Verse 17

श्रीभगवानुवाच:

युक्ताहारविहारस्य युक्तचेष्टस्य कर्मसु |

युक्तस्वप्नावबोधस्य योगो भवति दुःखहा || 6.17 ||

sri-bhagavan uvaca:

yuktahara-viharasya yuktacestasya karmasu |

yuktasvapnavabodhasya yogo bhavati duhkhaha || 6.17 ||

Word-by-Word Analysis

Translation

Word Meaning
श्रीभगवानुवाच: (sri-bhagavan uvaca)
The Supreme Lord said: This marks Krishna’s first direct speech in the Bhagavad Gita, where he begins guiding Arjuna.
युक्त (yukta)
Regulated / Balanced
आहार (ahara)
Eating
विहारस्य (viharasya)
Recreation / Relaxation
युक्त (yukta)
Balanced
चेष्टस्य (cestasya)
Efforts / Activities
कर्मसु (karmasu)
In one’s actions
युक्त (yukta)
Balanced
स्वप्न (svapna)
Sleep
अवबोधस्य (avabodhasya)
Wakefulness
योगः (yogah)
Yoga
भवति (bhavati)
Becomes / Leads to
दुःख-हा (duhkha-ha)
Destroyer of suffering

            “One can mitigate every material pain by practicing the system of Yoga and get out of the material clutches of birth, death, disease and old age.”

Context of the Verse:

            This verse is from Chapter 6 Dhyana Yoga (The Yoga of Meditation) of Bhagavad Gita, where Lord Krishna is telling the characteristics of an ideal Yogi. Verse 17 is following on support of self-control from the verse 17 there it is seen that the self-control is the foundation of successful meditation and spiritual growth.

Key Teachings in This Verse:

  • Balance is Essential: Moderation is Key Quite simply, Yoga cannot survive on excess nor will it benefit from self-denial.
  • Holistic Regulation: Eating, recreation, working and sleep – all require discipline for one to have a steady base to reach inner peace.
  • Yoga Wards off Misery: When followed with moderation in other respects, Yoga serves to dispel misery and anguish (Duhkha-ha).
  • Control in Ordinary Life: External control is to internal self-control what peace is to clarity.

Relevance to Arjuna:

  • Arjuna is emotionally in disarray and tired of the savagery of war.
  • Krishna provides a regimen for living with control of the mind to restore Arjuna’s clarity and emotional strength.
  • This verse is very appropriate, it combines spiritual advice and practical real-life advice, which is something that a warrior and seeker like Arjuna needs.

Explanation:

            We are breathing the Yugas; we’re uttering God’s Name. There are times that the devotees don’t catch this part, we must have, great regulated discipline in our life.

            For material happiness also, if you want that even, we must have very great discipline in our life. Things are mentioned generally eating, sleeping; all kind of activities what we do is concentrated in these four- that if everything there will follow properly then happy. All we have to do is, material sufferings can’t reach us. So Krishna tells you especially four kind of discipline and they are Yuktahar. Ahar means diet. What Krishna said so far, it is very important. And in the diet also what kind of food we should take that was told to us in 13th verse, chapter 3.

            What is that?

            Krishna says that one should eat only food prepared as an offering to Krishna. When it becomes spiritualized, then the force of material nature does not act upon us. It goes on further diminishing the more we accept Prasadam. Then, the Ahara offered to Krishna by Acharyas (spiritual masters) and in Yagya.

            In Kaliyoga, now one cannot- by having had this food, a man remains at distance of material energy and he is always in position to think God. One should eat only Prasada if he actually wants to make progress in spiritual life. And one more law, the holy books in food is doing fasting. That is also very significant for spiritual progress of life and it’s crucial to keep the body in fit. Fasting is one of the very important things, and there are two times in a month when we fast. That is what technically called as Ekadashi. It is on two, 11 days of the fortnight person is to fast minimum. And there are other days also of appearance of God disappearance and various Acarya’s, we do this as we are directed by the sastras. This fasting is of very great significance for spiritual development and further for sense regulation. If we can control the tongue, all other senses naturally become controlled.

            If we’re fasting starvation, other senses don’t torment us a whole lot. Then recreation or begetting of progeny, procreation is also to come under the check. That is called Yuktbihar. After controlling your recreation procreation next is a person don’t have to work too hard. Work also should be regulated. There is a sort of idea connected to the myth that if I work very hard, I can increase my security in life. Wrong attitude because this is what happens even in our jobs after getting a designation, we are stuck with one salary until next appraisal.

            Well, if you do very well in the following appraisal, we’ll have more salary. It’ll be increased. Likewise, as it is stated in the Vedas -according to our activities we are doing here at His life now, that future opulence of ours is getting decided. And as we once take our birth, it is predetermined how opulent you are going to be.

            Now, what does it mean; fixed?

            Just the way our salaries are stuck at office, we have to go at least to the office. But even if you bust your butt for that year, it’s not going to change.” It’s not possible. So, for this life, we can’t obtain it even though we work very hard – actually very, very hard. And how we even further our opulence by pursuing the path of religion.

            The scriptures are speaking Kama, Artha, Dharma and Moksha. If you don’t do Dharma, there is no place for your wealth Artha in your life anyway. But if we are not following Dharma, then it may seem as though our wealth is increasing. A single human can see a straight line. I will work extra I get more money but not hat money won’t stay with us.

            “Opulence is our destiny we are not meant to be poor”. So, suppose even if we save more money, either the disease will eat up, or some litigation charges will take away them all and then the robbers would snatch it off. Our other family members may enjoy but you just can’t. Our luxury is firm, and therefore a man should not work too hard.

            Krishna tells here the result you have to achieve by regulated work. Maximum eight hours should a person work in his vocative duty, job or business, whatever you are doing and balance time match for spiritual activity. This is regulation, if someone has a good sleep till then destiny it will take place naturally. A tiger is sleeping and saying I am very forceful, bunny will come into my mouth. Itis not going to happen. So sleeping is not recommended. Neither pitting, sweatshop is right regulated work maximum eight hours and destiny will take its course. Regulation of taking food, and that also recreation; all these things should be regulated. What is regulated sleeping? So that body is refreshed. Therefore, we can again devitalize ourself for the service of Krishna. Six hours of sleep should be enough for a healthy individual. If we need to sleep more than that, then don’t oversleep another six hours. In our present position, which we get into after a while thinking that ‘we are only mind’, the modes of Ignorance (Tamoguna) predominate us.

            We should try to reduce little by little through managing our diet and work, then it will be possible. We should limit it to no longer than six hours at night and we should go bed early and rise early in the morning. Getting up in Brahma Muhurta. 48 minutes is called muhurta, and the brahma-muhurta period starts 90 minutes before sunrise. Muhurta, that we are meant to rise and practice our spiritual practices in the morning time is also and especially for this age of Kaliyuga as recommended by Lord Krishna himself will chant his holy names. This should be done in the Brahma Muhurta, early morning when we wake up. It is also good for our health.

            And anything, if you read books like scriptures at that time, it’d be five times more powerful. So naturally in the beginning we may be a little sleepy for untrained body – but you have to train yourself, if go back of spiritual life, even for maintaining up-to-date material diseases also. So sleep early and rise in the morning at Brahma Muhurta and if necessary, then maximum one hour should be taken during day for sleeping. Not more than that. Otherwise once again will be of Mode of Ignorance (Tamoguna). Well, then you wonder it’s like was there two hours of daytime sleep or an extra three more? Still I’m feeling lazy. I am sluggishly moving due to this (Tamoguna).

            A Tamsic man you will find he is lazy always; there is heaviness and no enthusiasm. So don’t take more than one hour of a nap during the day, that’s optional. Must therefore control these four activities Ahar, Bihar, Chesta and Swapna in this manner.

Knowledge

Chapter 06, Verse 18

यदा विनियतं चित्तमात्मन्येवावतिष्ठते।

निःस्पृहः सर्वकामेभ्यो युक्त इत्युच्यते तदा॥6.18॥

yada viniyatam cittam atmanyevavatisthate।

nihsprhah sarva-kamebhyo yukta ityucyate tada॥6.18॥

Word-by-Word Analysis

Word Meaning
यदा (yada)
When
विनियतम् (viniyatam)
Controlled
चित्तम् (cittam)
The mind
आत्मनि (atmani)
In the Self
एव (eva)
Only
अवतिष्ठते (avatisthate)
Rests / becomes steady
निःस्पृहः (nihsprhah)
Free from desire
सर्वकामेभ्यः (sarva- kamebhyah)
From all material desires
युक्तः (yuktah)
United / engaged in yoga
इति (iti)
Thus / so
उच्यते (ucyate)
Is said / is called
तदा (tada)
Then

Translation

            “When the Yogi, by practice of Yoga, disciplines his mental activities and becomes situated in Transcendence-Deathlessness devoid of all material desires can be said to have attained Yoga.”

Context of the Verse:

            Verse is spoken by Lord Krishna to Arjuna, Dhyan Yoga – 6 Chapter. The best description of a real Yogi ever-When someone, having withdrawn the mind from outside turmoil and desires, is engrossed in Atman and finds absolute calmness and union then that person is called “True Yoga”.

Key Teachings in This Verse:

  • Mastery over the Mind (Citta-Viniyatam): In other words, a Yogi must have disciplined his mind and it does not go to external pleasures and desires.
  • Becoming established in the Self (Atmani Eva Avatisthate): In this state, nothing else is an object of concern for one. The mind is inward turned.
  • Nihsprihah Sarava-Kamebhyo: This would be in nature of desiring nothing material, this is the first Sutra of True Yoga.
  • (Yuktah ) – engaged in the practice of yoga: One who is practicing or is devoted to, be absorbed in; A person in this state may said to be truly united (Yukta) with the Supreme.

Relevance to Arjuna:

            Arjuna in this part of the conversation is undergoing emotional agony, bewilderment and attachment. Krishna is describing the characteristics of one type of meditative Yogi to teach Arjuna detachment, clarity and well-being-all vital for a man going onto the battlefield in Dharma.

krishna

Chapter 06, Verse 19

यथा दीपो निवातस्थो नेङ्गते सोपमा स्मृता।

योगिनो यतचित्तस्य युञ्जतो योगमात्मनः॥6.19॥

yatha dipo navata-stho nengate sopama smrta।

yogino yata-cittasya yunjato yogam atmanah॥6.19॥

Word-by-Word Analysis

Word Meaning
यथा (yatha)
Just as
दीपः (dipah)
A lamp
निवातस्थः (navata-sthah)
Situated in a windless place
न इङ्गते (na-ingate)
Does not flicker
सा (sa)
That
उपमा (upama)
Comparison
स्मृता (smrta)
Is considered
योगिनः (yoginah)
Of the yogi
यतचित्तस्य (yata-cittasya)
Whose mind is controlled
युञ्जतः (yunjatah)
Who is engaged
योगम् (yogam)
In the practice of yoga
आत्मनः (atmanah)
Of the self

Translation

            “The yogi who is disciplined in the practice of meditation on the self and is clear-minded, abides undisturbed in all circumstances – just as a lamp that burns equally steady during windless hours.”

Context of the Verse:

            The above verse is from Chapter 6th of The Bhagavad Gita, the Dhyana Yoga (The Yoga of Meditation). Lord Krishna explains this higher state of a perfected Yogi in deep meditation in this part.

            In the verses above, Krishna emphasizes discipline and detachment and correct focus of mind which are qualification for real Yoga. In this verse the metaphor used is an un flickering lamp sheltered from wind, representing the steadiness of mind of a true Yogi.

Key Teachings in This Verse:

  • Mental Stillness: A Yogi mind, well focused is likened to fire in a non-moving air locality
  • Mastery over the mind: The Yogi controls the mind-stuff.
  • Deep Meditation (Dhyana): The verse again describes focused meditation that provides the deepest level of union with the inner Self (Atman).
  • Inner Stability: The Hindu Yogi is like the lamp that never flickers in the wind.
  • Use of Simile in Instruction: Shri Krishna employs a simile, the steady flame, to describe how subtle spiritual states behave.

Relevance to Arjuna:

            In the beginning of the Gita, loses his nerve and is emotionally distraught; Arjuna needs clarity and peace of mind. Krishna now reveals this ideal state of equanimity, and the object it can lead to Arjuna:

  • Control his emotions and thoughts.
  • Practise inner discipline and Yoga
  • Realize that peace of mind comes from within, not from winning battles or externally assert equal published in point of serenity.

            This teaching forms part of Krishna’s general effort to move Arjuna into a higher state of consciousness – from reactive doing to thoughtful action in Dharma.

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