Chapter 05, Verse 06
श्रीभगवानुवाच:
संन्यासस्तु महाबाहो दु:खमाप्तुमयोगतः।
योगयुक्तो मुनिर्ब्रह्म नचिरेणाधिगच्छति॥5.6॥
sri-bhagavan uvaca:
samnyasas tu maha-baho duhkham aptum ayogatah|
yoga-yukto munir brahma na cirenadhigacchati॥5.6॥
Word-by-Word Analysis
| Word | Meaning |
|---|---|
|
श्रीभगवानुवाच: (sri-bhagavan uvaca) |
The Supreme Lord said: This marks Krishna’s first direct
speech in the Bhagavad Gita, where he begins guiding
Arjuna |
|
संन्यासः (samnyasah) |
Renunciation (of actions) |
|
तु (tu) |
But (used to emphasize contrast) |
|
महाबाहो (maha-baho) |
O mighty-armed (Arjuna) |
|
दुःखम् (duhkham) |
Difficulty or distress |
|
आप्तुम् (aptum) |
To attain or achieve |
|
अयोगतः (ayogatah) |
Without being united (with Yoga or discipline) |
|
योगयुक्तः (yoga-yuktah) |
One who is engaged in Yoga (disciplined action) |
|
मुनिः (munih) |
Sage or silent one (wise seeker) |
|
ब्रह्म (brahma) |
The Absolute (Supreme Reality) |
|
न (na) |
Not |
|
चिरेण (cirena) |
After a long time |
|
अधिगच्छति (adhigacchati) |
Attains |
Translation
“Unless one is in a devotional relationship with the Lord, simply renouncing things will not make one happy. The sages purified by devoted acts reach that highest and the best without delay.”
Context of the Verse:
This verse is mentioned in Chapter 5:, “Karma-Sannyasa Yoga” – The Yoga of Renunciation of Action. Arjuna is caught in the dilemma of Vairagya (Sannyasa) and Karma (Karma Yoga). Chapter 4 Verse 37 In this verse, Lord Krishna describes the greatness and advantage of the path of unattached action (Karma Yoga) for one who is not yet fit for self- abnegation.
This verse explains that life of a renunciate, if without inner discipline (Yoga) creates unbearable suffering. If one acts with self-control and without attachment (Karma Yoga) he, will speedily achieve his desire for Self-realization (Brahman).
Key Teachings in This Verse:
- Renunciation (Sannyasa) is difficult for the undisciplined.
- Yoga (Action) is the swift road to the realization of Brahman.
- Without the inner attachment, the mere external renunciation is of no use and would be most painful.
- The Yogi sage attains the goal soon without renouncing the body.
Relevance to Arjuna:
- Arjuna is attached to battlefield duties as a Warrior and Householder but he renounces them on compassionate grounds.
- Krishna tells him that sincere renunciation is internal, not an abdication of his duty.
- This verse exhorts Arjuna to the path of karma yoga- acting without being attached to the fruits of one’s labour, which is the main teaching of the Bhagavad Gita.
- It demonstrates to Arjuna that the path of yoga is available and transformational for even an actor in the world.
Explanation:
Krishna used the word tu, which means but, in addition, and brought to light.
Krishna said those processes; they are the same path. They say who are not wise he will tell you that this is different, that is different. The same goal will be achieved, but Krishna is saying tu, but if a person is simply a renouncer. Mere renunciation of activities will not give him freedom from miseries. Cannot make man happy. On the other hand, the person who is engaged in the service of Lord he gets happiness, positive happiness in the progressive march of devotional service. If you simply renounce him, then that part is very troublesome. So there are two kinds of Sanyasis impersonalists and the devotees of the Lord. Impersonalists they analyse Veta Sutras and the philosophy of the absolute truth, and for them, it becomes very dry and simply philosophizing. While, other class of sanyasis who are actually Buddhi yogis or Karm Yogi or Bhakti Yogis. These are the same names for devotional service. And they engage in the very nice Archana of the Lord, offering various items with great love to the Lord, cooking for the Lord, dressing the Lord, singing for the Lord, carrying out the orders of Lord. And all these activities give so much satisfaction. Ultimately, we are hankering for the satisfaction why persons spend so much money, which he has earned very nicely on family members, so that he does not enjoy directly because it is not a sense object. It is that loving reciprocation that we want, which satisfies our heart. What to speak of family members. People keep it even more so in the western countries where families are not together. When the dog comes and wags its tail, licking your cheek you feel great happiness. That means reciprocation. So just like there is some pleasure, which is coming, by serving other people similarly the same resources, when used for God, there is immediately reciprocation. And it is this reciprocation, for God, which is missing in the life of the follower of Sankhya, who has simply renounced, but has not engaged in himself in the service of God. So thus, Krishna is telling to Arjun warning, although the paths are the same, but Sanyas take a very long time. Thus, there’s a difference between the paths, Akarma Yogi Attains God in a very short time and a Sankhya Yogi simple empirical philosopher Gyani he will take a very long time and he will not be able to feel happiness also, in the path.
Chapter 05, Verse 07
योगयुक्तो विशुद्धात्मा विजितात्मा जितेन्द्रियः।
सर्वभूतात्मभूतात्मा कुर्वन्नपि न लिप्यते॥5.7॥
yoga-yukto visuddhatma vijitatma jitendriyah।
sarva-bhutatma-bhutatma kurvann api na lipyate॥5.7॥
Word-by-Word Analysis
| Word | Meaning |
|---|---|
|
योगयुक्तः (yoga-yuktah) |
United with Yoga (disciplined through selfless action) |
|
विशुद्धात्मा (visuddhatma) |
One with a purified self |
|
विजितात्मा (vijitatma) |
One who has conquered the self (mind) |
|
जितेन्द्रियः (jitendriyah) |
One who has controlled the senses |
|
सर्वभूतात्म-भूतात्मा (sarva-bhutatma-bhutatma) |
One who sees the Self in all beings and all beings in the Self |
|
कुर्वन् अपि (kurvann api) |
Even though acting / performing actions |
|
न लिप्यते (na lipyate) |
Is not tainted or bound (by the actions) |
Translation
“He is very dear to me, and I am dear to him. He is never in chains, though he always labours.”
Context of the Verse:
This verse is the sequel to Lord Krishna explains the nature of true Karma Yogi in the chapter entitled “Karma-Sannayasa Yoga” (The Yoga of Renunciation of Action).
Having exhorted Arjuna in the previous verse not to renounce before time and to follow the path of Yoga, Krishna explains here the state of the true Yogi within. Inner purity, control over the mind and senses, and non-attachment are the focus for even while active in the world.
That’s to give Arjuna something to aim at, spiritually mature action-in-the-world, so that he doesn’t confuse action with bondage.
Key Teachings in This Verse:
- Mastery over self is a must: Control through mind (Vijitatma) and senses (Jitendriyahs) is the indicator of spiritual maturity.
- Yoga purifies: He who is a Yogi lives as a Visuddhatma-a person possessing purified mental state.
- See God in all: The Yogi, whose mind is purified by constancy in meditation and attendance to daily duties, whose inmost self has become identified in spirit with the self of all beings and who has realized the oneness of his being with that of the Supreme Self, has his spiritual eye opened to the perception of God in all: he beholds the self in all and all in the self – a state of universal and trans-individual sympathy and unity.
- Action does not bind: One who, while working in the world, is not impelled by ego and desire is unattached to the results of the action.
Relevance to Arjuna:
- Arjuna stands at the crossroads of duty and detachment. Krishna stakes out a middle path: Do your duty, but lose the ego.
- This verse is solace to Arjuna that he is capable of fighting the battle and still being free from bondage when he acts with selfless, self-restrained, awareness.
- It enables Arjuna to move his mind from outer renunciation to inner transformation.
Explanation:
The self-controlled one, the subdued one (of the mind) 17. Krishna has explained the Yoga that the Karma Yoga is superior to the Sanky Yoga.
But see what is the state of this Karm Yogis: so that Arjun should not confuse a Karm Yogi with a Karm (sweet maker=fruit of worker). So, Krishna says, no, no that you understand his consciousness. The actions could be the same outside, but there is a gulf of difference internally. And what is that?
So terrestrial people, they work, as their mind and the senses are out of control. The mind says give me this, the senses ask for something and they really run after it. So, unlike Hymn Karm Yogi, his mind and senses are subservient. So if you want to make progress in spiritual life, mind and senses control is very, very important.
And one imagines that spiritual life turns me aloof. And the family members, when they sometimes get it. Family man is analysing the phenomenon: at two steps you find Bhagavad Gita. Prevent him/her for that is how they will become apathetic to us. But here, a different word is used. It implies that he loves everybody and everybody loves him. His consciousness is: There was nothing to gain and nothing to lose after taking to Krishna consciousness. So it is not a fact that after Krishna consciousness a person becomes inattentive. Everyone loves him and he loves everyone. Rather, the life of a devotee, a Karm Yogi is only to work for the welfare of suffering, living entities and nothing else, he has no other business. So, he is lot more sympathetic to the living beings, not indifferent. A renouncer, someone who is Sankhya Yogi, he may be detached. I could only trap him way. However, the deity knows what is the real cause of all the suffering in this world and struggles so hard to salvage the conditioned souls.
So no, it is not that we will hate or we will feel indifferent towards our families. No. You do that, that process if you actually follow, you will generate love for one’s family, for the Society, for the Nation. For all living things and all the species. So, Sri Caitanya Mahaprabhu is widening the footsteps of a universal brotherhood simply because we are engaged in the service of Krishna and we understand that everyone is part and parcel of Krishna.
If I love someone, I’m not going to smack his finger. I have to love his finger. Also, baby finger care also baby finger protection. So, living entity knows, there is all the part and parcels of Krishna. And since he loves Krishna, therefore he loves everyone. His love, or her love for that matter, grows. Therefore, all living beings are very, very dear to him, and they’re dear to him.
Why? For he is servant to all of them. We never endear ourselves to anyone who experiences us as master. Now, everyone is Very, very keen to Lord over Husband wants to Lord over wife, wife wants to Lord over husband, parents on children, children or parents. Or yet another way, lording over who will be lord and this lording over.
My family should work for me. My society sub-boss boss should kneel down to make me happy. People aren’t particularly interested in satisfying any of you. Das is therefore is used by a right adjusted servant for addressing us. Similarly, when we take initiation in to the line of spiritual life, when we become qualified to understand spiritual knowledge, agree to accept the spiritual master, at that time we are given the name Das. Das means servant.
So, one who is acting very humbly, in the spirit of a servant, there is no such chances of committing some offense to him. But then that’s why everyone loves one like that. So, the whole society is searching for this.” How dear I can be to everyone; how dear everyone can be to me. This is the process. Yogi has this consciousness by practicing this process of Karma Yoga. And to such, though he is doing, he is not confounded by laws of Karma.